Tropical Fish Encyclopedia — 71 Species Directory
Encyclopedia of popular tropical fish species with care guides, traits, and water parameters.
Featured Tropical Fish
Showing 23 of 71 species

African Cichlid
Colorful cichlids from Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika. Marine-like beauty in freshwater. Active and full of personality.

Angelfish
Iconic triangular silhouette synonymous with tropical fish. Many selectively bred varieties. Pair breeding is rewarding.

Apistogramma
Small South American cichlid. Males display vivid colors and unique behaviors. Over 100 species available.

Apistogramma Cacatuoides
Apistogramma cacatuoides
A dwarf cichlid spreading vivid orange fins. Male fin spreading display is spectacular.
© Chrumps / CC BY-SA 3.0Archer Fish
A fish with amazing hunting behavior, shooting water jets to knock down insects above water.
© Chunbin / CC BY-SA 4.0Boesemani Rainbowfish
Melanotaenia boesemani
A vivid rainbowfish with blue front half and orange back half. Spectacular when schooling.
© Cisamarc / CC BY-SA 3.0Celestial Pearl Danio
Danio margaritatus
A tiny fish with jewel-like body scattered with white pearl patterns. A gem for planted tanks.

Chili Rasbora
Boraras brigittae
One of world's smallest freshwater fish turning deep red. Schooling looks like a ruby jewelry box.

Clown Killifish
Epiplatys annulatus
An ultra-small killifish with black-yellow stripes and distinctive rocket-shaped tail fin.
© Vlad Butsky from San Jose, CA, USA / CC BY 2.0Clown Loach
Clown loach
Beautiful bottom-dweller with orange and black bands. Sleeps on its side — unique behavior. Very active in groups.

Congo Tetra
Phenacogrammus interruptus
A larger tetra that shimmers in iridescent blue, gold, and orange. Males develop flowing, feathery tail fins, making this dazzling schooler the flagship African characin.
© en:User:Tsunamicarlos / Public domainDwarf Puffer
Pao cochinchinensis
A small freshwater puffer with beautiful leopard pattern. High intelligence, some recognize owners.
© Inkpassion / CC BY-SA 3.0Flowerhorn Cichlid
Large cichlid with massive head hump and vivid coloring. Artificially bred variety. Bonds with owners like a pet.

German Blue Ram
Mikrogeophagus ramirezi
Jewel-like small cichlid with blue iridescence. Peaceful for community tanks but prefers warm water. Many variants.
© No machine-readable author provided. Daiju Azuma assumed (based on copyright claims). / CC BY-SA 2.5Glass Catfish
Kryptopterus vitreolus
A unique catfish with transparent body showing visible skeleton. Fantastical appearance when swimming in groups.
© Tsunamicarlos / Public domainHatchetfish
Distinctive hatchet-shaped body. Surface-dwelling fish that swims just below water line. Jumping risk — lid essential.

Killifish
Small beautiful fish found worldwide. Males display incredibly vivid colors like gems. Over 1000 species, popular with enthusiasts.

Marble Hatchetfish
Carnegiella strigata
Surface fish with distinctive axe (hatchet) -shaped body. 'Flying fish' that glides on water surface flapping pectoral fins like wings. Unique marble pattern and distinctive silhouette make it a striking accent in planted tanks.

Oscar
Astronotus ocellatus
A large cichlid that bonds like a dog. Charming begging behavior makes it the representative pet fish.
© Chunbin / CC BY-SA 4.0Pea Puffer
Carinotetraodon travancoricus
Worlds smallest freshwater pufferfish at 2-3cm. Eats pest snails in tanks. Expressive face and bonds with owners.

Polypterus
African ancient fish with dinosaur-like appearance and air-breathing ability. Hardy and long-lived. Nocturnal.
© Soulkeeper / CC BY-SA 3.0Rummy Nose Tetra
Red nose tip and black-white tail distinctive. Most uniform schooling among tetras. Better water quality means brighter red.

Threadfin Rainbowfish
Iriatherina werneri
Small rainbowfish with thread-like elongated fins. Each fin extends like thread, with an elegant swaying appearance in water. Ideal for single-species small tanks or as an accent in planted tanks. Prefers gentle water flow.
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Tropical Fish FAQ
- Can beginners keep tropical fish?
- Guppies, neon tetras, and corydoras are hardy and perfect for beginners. They can be kept in small tanks, and as long as you manage water temperature, it's relatively easy to get started.
- How much do tropical fish cost?
- Neon tetras cost 100-300 yen each, guppies 300-2,000 yen, bettas 1,000-10,000 yen, and premium discus 5,000-50,000+ yen depending on the species.
- How long do tropical fish live?
- Small tetras live 2-5 years, guppies 1-2 years, corydoras 5-10 years, and discus 10+ years, varying greatly by species.
- What's the minimum equipment needed?
- You'll need a tank, heater, filter, light, and water conditioner at minimum. A 30cm tank can house 5-10 small fish and doesn't take much space.
- What should I check when buying tropical fish?
- Check for vivid coloring, active swimming, and no signs of disease like ich. After purchase, acclimate carefully and avoid sudden temperature changes.