
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Bogertophis subocularis
A desert colubrid, yellow to tan with a series of black or dark brown H-shaped markings. A row of small scales, the suboculars, separates the lower edge of the eye from the upper labials, the feature behind its epithet. The eyes are large and prominent with round pupils.
The Trans-Pecos rat snake (Bogertophis subocularis) is a colubrid endemic to the Chihuahuan Desert. It is usually 90-137 cm long, with a record of 168 cm; juveniles are slender and thicken with age. The back is yellow to tan with a series of black or dark brown H-shaped markings that may join up, often forming two black stripes on the neck and growing closer together towards the tail, while the belly is white. A pale form known as the blonde has a reduced, net-like pattern. The eyes are large and prominent, a light iris contrasting with a round black pupil, well suited to hunting by sight at night, and the tongue is pink. There are 31-35 rows of dorsal scales at midbody, 260-277 ventrals and 69-79 subcaudals. Nocturnal, it escapes the heat by day in rock crevices and burrows dug by other animals. Rarely encountered in the wild, it tames readily in captivity and is placid and easy to handle. Clutches are of three to seven eggs, up to a maximum of twelve.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Trans-Pecos Rat Snake lives 15-20 years.
The Trans-Pecos Rat Snake grows to 90-137cm total length, with a record of 168cm.
Origin
The Chihuahuan Desert in the United States (western Texas and southern New Mexico) and Mexico (north-eastern Chihuahua, Coahuila, north-eastern Durango and Nuevo Leon), on desert flats, brushy slopes and rocky outcrops
Lifespan
15-20 years
Size
Sources: Reptiles Magazine: Trans-Pecos Rat Snake Natural History and Captive Care / Reptiles Magazine: Breeding Trans-Pecos Rat Snakes / Wikipedia (Japanese)
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Bogertophis subocularis (Brown, 1901)
Synonyms: Coluber subocularis Brown, 1901, Elaphe subocularis (Brown, 1901), Elaphe sclerotica Smith, 1941
Authority databases: GBIF · Reptile Database
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
Not listed in any CITES appendix (not recorded in Species+). IUCN Red List assessment: Least Concern (LC). This species is not included in either the specified animals listed in the appended table of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Animal Welfare and Management Law, nor the specified invasive alien species under the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Invasive Alien Species Act.
Sources: CITES Species+ (species not listed) / IUCN Red List
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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90-137cm total length, with a record of 168cm
Humidity
40〜50%
Carnivorous: small vertebrates such as birds and small mammals; juveniles take lizards
Keep the warm side at 28-29 C and the cool side at 21-27 C, letting nights fall to around 21 C as they do in the wild. As a desert species it wants 40-50 percent relative humidity and an enclosure that never becomes stuffy. For breeding, brumate it at 7-18 C for about 60 days; attempting brumation above 21 C makes animals ill.
It does best with a localised heat source and a clear gradient, so a large enclosure is recommended to keep the whole space from heating up. As a desert animal it needs a dry substrate, and the water bowl should be small and impossible to tip. Place crevice-style hides on both the warm and cool sides.
In the wild it takes small vertebrates such as birds and small mammals, while juveniles eat lizards. In captivity offer frozen-thawed mice sized to the snake. Being nocturnal, it responds better when fed in the evening or later.
It is not aggressive when approached and is in fact rather passive, and it is easily raised in captivity. Being nocturnal it usually stays hidden by day. Snakes can prey on one another, so keep it singly.
Not listed on any CITES appendix. The IUCN assesses it as Least Concern. It appears neither on the schedule of designated dangerous animals under the Order for Enforcement of the Act on Welfare and Management of Animals nor on Japan's list of invasive alien species. Little enters trade in Japan, but what does is mostly captive-bred stock from Europe and North America. The old name Elaphe subocularis is still in circulation, so confirm the identity when buying.
Beginner. This is a beginner-friendly species. No special equipment or experience is required, and it can be kept successfully with basic care setup.
The average lifespan of Trans-Pecos Rat Snake is 15-20 years. With proper care and nutrition, they can live a long and healthy life.
Trans-Pecos Rat Snake typically reaches 90-137cm total length, with a record of 168cm as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Trans-Pecos Rat Snake feeds on: Carnivorous: small vertebrates such as birds and small mammals; juveniles take lizards. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Trans-Pecos Rat Snake varies significantly depending on morph, size, and lineage. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 17, 2026