
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Eryx johnii
A burrowing sand boa of the semi-desert from Iran through Pakistan into India. Its wedge-shaped head and blunt, truncated tail make both ends look alike, which is why it has long been called the two-headed snake.
Eryx johnii is a boid of the family Boidae ranging from Iran through Pakistan into western, southern and north-western India. Adults rarely exceed 61 cm in total length, though large individuals reach 91 cm. It is adapted to burrowing: the head is wedge-shaped, the nostrils narrow and the eyes very small. The body is cylindrical with small polished dorsal scales, and the thick, rounded tail looks truncated, making the two ends hard to tell apart. Colour varies from reddish brown to dull yellow-tan. It prefers loose, crumbly sandy soil and lives underground. Its diet is mainly rodents, killed by constriction. It is ovoviviparous, giving birth to up to 14 young from late summer into the monsoon. It is a very calm species, and captive care centres on a substrate it can burrow into plus belly heat.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Indian Sand Boa lives 15-20 years.
The Indian Sand Boa grows to 60-90cm.
The ideal temperature for the Indian Sand Boa is 27〜32℃. Ideal humidity is 50〜65%.
Origin
Eastern Iran, Pakistan, western, southern and north-western India and Nepal, in dry semi-desert scrub and rocky foothills up to 200 m
Lifespan
15-20 years
Sources: Reptiles Magazine: Care, Breeding And Caudal Luring Of The Rough-Scaled Sand Boa (covers Eryx colubrinus, E. conicus and E. johnii) / Wikipedia (English) / Reptile Database
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Eryx johnii (Russell, 1801)
Synonyms: Boa johnii Russell, 1801, Boa anguiformis Schneider, 1801, Eryx maculatus Hallowell, 1848
Authority databases: GBIF · Reptile Database
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
The family Boidae (Boidae spp.) has been listed on Appendix II since 4 February 1977 (Species+). As an Appendix II species, no registration certificate for internationally rare wild fauna and flora is required. In India, it is protected under Schedule IV of the Wildlife Protection Act 1972, and keeping it for pet purposes is prohibited. This species is not included in the designated animals listed in the Schedule of the Order for Enforcement of the Law Concerning the Protection and Management of Animals.
Sources: CITES Appendices (Boidae spp., Appendix II, effective 4 February 1977) / IUCN Red List
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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Size
60-90cm
Temperature
27〜32℃
Humidity
50〜65%
Thawed frozen mice and rats
Aim for a substrate temperature of 27-32 C. Place the heat source under one third to one half of the enclosure to give a hot spot of 32 C and an ambient of 27 C. Keep relative humidity at a minimum of 50-65 percent. Year-round night-time drops are not necessary for health or for captive breeding.
Adults are fine in the equivalent of 10 to 20 gallons (about 38-76 litres), and being fossorial they need little height. Cover the whole floor with 5-10 cm of loose sand, sandy soil, wood chip or aspen. Keep a flat-bottomed water bowl available and clean at all times.
In the wild it constricts mainly rodents, and some specimens have reportedly fed only on other snakes. In captivity offer thawed frozen mice or rats sized to the snake, warmed to about 32 C, using soft-tipped feeding tongs.
Known as a very calm species that rarely bites and is easy to handle. It spends the day underground and moves slowly. It is not social, so keep it singly.
Its two-headed look has attracted superstition, and it has been trafficked in India despite protection under Schedule IV of the Wildlife Protection Act 1972. Check that any animal was legally bred and imported. Listed on CITES Appendix II as Boidae spp. since 4 February 1977, so no registration certificate is required. The IUCN Red List assesses it as Near Threatened.
Beginner. This is a beginner-friendly species. No special equipment or experience is required, and it can be kept successfully with basic care setup.
The ideal temperature for Indian Sand Boa is 27〜32℃. Recommended humidity is 50〜65%. Avoid sudden temperature changes and maintain a stable environment.
The average lifespan of Indian Sand Boa is 15-20 years. With proper care and nutrition, they can live a long and healthy life.
Indian Sand Boa typically reaches 60-90cm as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Indian Sand Boa feeds on: Thawed frozen mice and rats. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Indian Sand Boa varies significantly depending on morph, size, and lineage. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 17, 2026