
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Geothelphusa dehaani
A small crab endemic to Japan that spends its whole life in fresh water. The carapace is 20-30mm wide, most often dark brown with orange-red legs. Used as an indicator of clean water, it needs cool, unpolluted conditions.
Geothelphusa dehaani is a crab endemic to Japan that lives entirely in fresh water. It ranges from southern Hokkaido to Nakanoshima in the Tokara Islands, with a carapace width of 20-30mm and a span of 50-70mm including the legs. Most individuals are dark brown with orange-red legs, though pale blue and purplish forms occur and the usual colour differs between local populations. The carapace is smooth, without hairs or tubercles. It lives in the upper and middle reaches of streams and serves as an indicator of the cleanest water class. It hides under stones by day and moves at night, though it is active by day in rain and will wander from the water into woods and onto roads. An omnivore, it eats algae, aquatic and terrestrial insects, snails and worms. Mating takes place from spring into early summer, and the female carries several dozen eggs of about 2mm on her pleopods. The larvae metamorphose within the egg and hatch already shaped as crabs, so the species never needs the sea. It lives from several years up to about ten.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Japanese Freshwater Crab lives Several years up to about 10.
The Japanese Freshwater Crab grows to 20-30mm carapace width.
Origin
Japan (southern Hokkaido to the Tokara Islands)
Lifespan
Several years up to about 10
Size
20-30mm carapace width
Sources: Wikipedia (Geothelphusa dehaani, ja) / Wikipedia (Geothelphusa dehaani) / WoRMS
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Geothelphusa dehaani (White, 1847)
Synonyms: Thelphusa dehaani, Thelphusa japonica
Authority databases: GBIF
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
Sources: CITES Appendices (species not listed) / IUCN Red List
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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Temperature
22〜28℃ (typical for Tropical Fish)
Algae, aquatic and terrestrial insects, worms and vegetables
Use a sand substrate with rocks and a dry area the crab can climb out onto. It hides under stones by day, so it needs spaces to creep into. It is territorial, so provide more refuges than crabs, and fit a lid because it escapes.
It lives in clean upper-stream water and indexes the cleanest water class. It is considered fairly easy to keep provided the water stays cool and clean.
Territorial, and squabbles are common when several are kept together. Freshly moulted individuals are at risk of cannibalism, so provide ample cover. Being omnivorous it will catch small fish and shrimp, so it is not a community animal.
An omnivore taking algae, aquatic and terrestrial insects, snails and worms. In captivity worms and cabbage suit it well. Remove anything uneaten, which quickly fouls the water.
Mating runs from spring into early summer, and the female carries several dozen unusually large eggs of about 2mm on her pleopods, far fewer than other crabs lay. The larvae metamorphose inside the egg and hatch as crabs, and the young shelter under the mother for a while.
It is an intermediate host for dangerous parasites including lung flukes, so it must be thoroughly cooked if eaten, and hands should be washed after handling. Local populations are genetically distinct, so never release collected crabs anywhere but where they were found.
Beginner. This is a beginner-friendly species. No special equipment or experience is required, and it can be kept successfully with basic care setup.
The average lifespan of Japanese Freshwater Crab is Several years up to about 10. With proper care and nutrition, they can live a long and healthy life.
Japanese Freshwater Crab typically reaches 20-30mm carapace width as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Japanese Freshwater Crab feeds on: Algae, aquatic and terrestrial insects, worms and vegetables. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Japanese Freshwater Crab varies significantly depending on morph, size, and lineage. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 16, 2026