
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Sternotherus minor
A small aquatic turtle of the rivers of the south-eastern United States. As its name implies the head is disproportionately large, pale with dark spots or stripes, and its powerful jaws crush clams and snails.
Sternotherus minor is a turtle of the family Kinosternidae from the rivers and wetlands of the south-eastern United States. Straight carapace length is 7.5 to 14.5 cm with both sexes about equal, so despite its name it grows to much the same size as the common musk turtle. The carapace is light to dark brown with dark spots and streaks, each scute outlined in black. Juveniles have three keels, the lateral pair fading with age. The plastron is small and yellow, orange or pinkish. The head is markedly larger than in the common musk turtle, which is where both its English and Japanese names come from, and barbels are present only on the chin. It is strongly aquatic, leaving the water only to bask on fallen trees and branches, and it climbs well. It feeds mainly on snails, aquatic insects, amphibians and carrion, its strong jaws suited to crushing shells. Males mature at five to eleven years, females at eight to twelve.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Loggerhead Musk Turtle lives 15-25 years.
The Loggerhead Musk Turtle grows to 7.5-14.5cm straight carapace length.
The ideal temperature for the Loggerhead Musk Turtle is 22〜27℃.
Origin
The south-eastern United States from south-western Virginia, eastern Tennessee and eastern Georgia through central Florida to the Pearl River, in rivers, wetlands and streams, favouring slow water over sand and shallow margins
Sources: Reptiles Magazine: Mud And Musk Turtles / Wikipedia (German): Kleine Moschusschildkröte / Wikipedia (English)
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Sternotherus minor (Agassiz, 1857)
Synonyms: Goniochelys minor Agassiz, 1857, Kinosternon minor (Agassiz, 1857), Sternotherus carinatus minor (Agassiz, 1857)
Authority databases: GBIF · Reptile Database
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
The genus Sternotherus (Sternotherus spp.) has been listed on Appendix II since 23 February 2023 (adopted at CoP19 in 2022, Species+). As an Appendix II species, no registration certificate for internationally rare wild fauna and flora is required. This species is not included in the designated animals listed in the Schedule of the Order for Enforcement of the Law Concerning the Protection and Management of Animals.
Sources: CITES Appendices (Sternotherus spp., Appendix II, effective 23 February 2023) / IUCN Red List
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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Lifespan
15-25 years
Size
7.5-14.5cm straight carapace length
Temperature
22〜27℃、29〜34℃
Humidity
40〜70%
Snails, clams, fish, mosquito larvae, assorted insects and turtle pellets
Mud and musk turtles do well with water at 22-27 C and a basking spot at 29-34 C. Northern populations brumate from December to February, but indoors they can be kept warm year round. Provide vitamin D and calcium supplements alongside full-spectrum lighting.
Adults manage in a tank under 200 litres. It is not a strong swimmer, so structure the tank with plenty of hides. It copes with greater depth once settled, but always give it something to climb so it can reach the surface. Provide a basking spot where it can leave the water.
Adults feed mainly on snails and clams, along with fish, mosquito larvae and assorted insects. In captivity use turtle pellets as the staple with shellfish and insects alongside. The diet is largely animal, though some individuals take plant matter.
It is intolerant both of conspecifics and of other turtle species and will bite, so keep it singly. It defends itself with a strong-smelling secretion from its musk glands.
The genus Sternotherus was listed on CITES Appendix II at CoP19 in 2022, effective 23 February 2023. Appendix II means no Japanese registration certificate is required, but international trade needs an export permit from the range state. The IUCN Red List assesses it as Least Concern, its main threats being habitat loss and collisions with cars and boats. Two subspecies are recognised, and animals with a yellow head marked by dark stripes are S. m. peltifer, the stripe-necked musk turtle. Sternotherus depressus, once treated as a subspecies here, is now a separate species, so labels vary.
Beginner. This is a beginner-friendly species. No special equipment or experience is required, and it can be kept successfully with basic care setup.
The ideal temperature for Loggerhead Musk Turtle is 22〜27℃. Avoid sudden temperature changes and maintain a stable environment.
The average lifespan of Loggerhead Musk Turtle is 15-25 years. With proper care and nutrition, they can live a long and healthy life.
Loggerhead Musk Turtle typically reaches 7.5-14.5cm straight carapace length as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Loggerhead Musk Turtle feeds on: Snails, clams, fish, mosquito larvae, assorted insects and turtle pellets. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Loggerhead Musk Turtle varies significantly depending on morph, size, and lineage. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 17, 2026