
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Phyllium philippinicum
A leaf insect from Luzon in the Philippines. Females are 65-98 mm long and closely resemble a leaf, while the slimmer 55-68 mm males can fly short distances. It is regarded as the easiest leaf insect to propagate in captivity.
Phyllium philippinicum is a leaf insect endemic to Luzon in the Philippines, where it is found on various shrubs. Females are 65-98 mm long with a maximum abdominal width of 29-41 mm; males are clearly smaller at 55-68 mm long and 15-19 mm wide. Only the forewings are fully developed in females, which lack hindwings, while males have full hindwings and can fly short distances. Females have nine antennal segments and adult males twenty-three, with the segments near the base orange-brown. The ground colour ranges from light to dark green, and brown markings may or may not appear on the forewings and the underside of the abdomen. By day the insects sit almost motionless on their food plant and tremble when disturbed by a draught or slight movement; if seized they shed legs, the middle pair first. Described by Hennemann and colleagues in 2009, the species is listed by the Phasmid Study Group as PSG 278.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Philippine Leaf Insect lives Adult females 6-9 months, exceptionally up to a year; adult males about three months.
The Philippine Leaf Insect grows to Females 65-98mm, males 55-68mm.
The eggs are about 5 mm long, just under 3 mm wide and 10 mg in weight, hatching after four to five months, and the dark nymphs turn green once feeding begins and reach adulthood in a further four to five months.
The ideal temperature for the Philippine Leaf Insect is 22〜27℃. Ideal humidity is 60〜80%.
Sources: Phyllium philippinicum - Wikipedia (DE; size, antennal segments, rearing temperature and humidity, eggs and development, lifespan, food plants, PSG number) / Phyllium philippinicum - Wikipedia (EN; endemism, Luzon, holotype) / GBIF species page for Phyllium philippinicum (accepted)
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Primary sources
Accepted name: Phyllium philippinicum Hennemann, Conle, Gottardo & Bresseel, 2009
Authority databases: GBIF
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
Plant Protection Act: Phasmids feed on leaves, and live specimens of foreign species that do not occur in Japan count as quarantine pests under the Plant Protection Act. Article 7 of that Act makes quarantine pests prohibited imports, so they may not be brought in except with prior permission from the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for research, exhibition or a similar purpose. Stock available in Japan is therefore limited to animals bred domestically over generations, and the Plant Protection Station should be asked about any individual case.
Sources: CITES Appendices (species not listed) / Japan Plant Protection Station: permission to import prohibited articles (definition of quarantine pests and the Article 7 exemption) / e-Gov: Plant Protection Act, Article 7 (prohibition of import) / Ministry of the Environment: list of Invasive Alien Species (no Phasmatodea listed)
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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Origin
Luzon, the Philippines
Lifespan
Adult females 6-9 months, exceptionally up to a year; adult males about three months
Size
Females 65-98mm, males 55-68mm
Temperature
22〜27℃
Humidity
60〜80%
Mainly bramble leaves, with oak or guava also taken
Keep the insects at 22-27 °C and 60-80 % humidity. Mist the food plant with lukewarm water every two or three days to raise the humidity. Rearing at lower, room-level temperatures yields a higher proportion of males at hatching.
Parthenogenesis plays essentially no part, so both sexes are needed. Adult males live up to four months, exceptionally long for Phyllium, and during mating they ride on the female's back for days at a time. The eggs are about 5 mm long, just under 3 mm wide and 10 mg in weight, and hatch after four to five months. Because the males are long-lived, fertilised eggs are easy to obtain, hatch rates are higher and the nymphs are more robust.
They are leaf feeders and do not attack one another, so a group can share one enclosure. Adult males are active at night, walking and flying through the branches in search of a female. Because a handled insect will shed its legs, move the animals on a leaf or twig rather than picking them up.
Eggs hatch after four to five months and the nymphs need a further four to five months to mature, males slightly faster. Adult males live about three months and females usually six to nine, exceptionally up to a year. From the second moult the sexes can be told apart by the abdomen, which narrows into a diamond shape in males and broadens in females.
The culture was first circulated as Phyllium spec. (Philippines) or, incorrectly, as Phyllium siccifolium, and the old names still appear on photographs and labels. Foreign phasmids count as quarantine pests under Japan's Plant Protection Act and live specimens may not be imported except with ministerial permission, so choose animals bred within Japan. They must never be released or abandoned outdoors.
Beginner. This is a beginner-friendly species. No special equipment or experience is required, and it can be kept successfully with basic care setup.
The ideal temperature for Philippine Leaf Insect is 22〜27℃. Recommended humidity is 60〜80%. Avoid sudden temperature changes and maintain a stable environment.
The average lifespan of Philippine Leaf Insect is Adult females 6-9 months, exceptionally up to a year; adult males about three months. With proper care and nutrition, they can live a long and healthy life.
Philippine Leaf Insect typically reaches Females 65-98mm, males 55-68mm as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Philippine Leaf Insect feeds on: Mainly bramble leaves, with oak or guava also taken. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Philippine Leaf Insect varies significantly depending on bloodline, size, captive-bred generation, and sex. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 17, 2026