Skip to main content

Goldfish Encyclopedia — 77 Species Directory

Encyclopedia of popular goldfish varieties with care guides, traits, and show standards.

Showing 44 of 77 species(124)

Albino Ryukin

Albino Ryukin

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Albino mutation of Ryukin. Red eyes with white to pale pink body create a mystical appearance. Same care as standard Ryukin but slightly light-sensitive. Popular as rare variety.

AlbinoRyukinRed eyes

Azuma Nishiki

Intermediate

Oranda body type with calico (tricolor) pattern. Beautiful mix of red, white, and black coloring.

TricolorCalicoOranda type
Black Lionhead

Black Lionhead

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

All-black Lionhead goldfish. Well-developed black wen creates a majestic, imposing appearance. Specimens that maintain black without fading are rare and valuable. Chinese variety.

BlackLionheadMajestic
Blue Oranda

Blue Oranda

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Oranda variety with metallic blue-gray coloration. Wen development combined with unique blue-gray hue creates striking beauty. Gaining attention in shows.

BlueOrandaWen
Blue Telescope / Seibungyo

Blue Telescope / Seibungyo

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

A variety originating from China, a type of telescope goldfish with characteristic bluish-black body coloration. Unlike the black telescope, it has a deep, lustrous blue-black sheen. Popular among enthusiasts in Japan for its rare coloration.

TelescopeBlue-blackChinese origin
Bristol Shubunkin

Bristol Shubunkin

Intermediate

A shubunkin improved in Bristol, England with large heart-shaped tail fins.

BristolHeart tailEngland
Broadtail Ryukin

Broadtail Ryukin

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Premium Ryukin variety with broad tail fins spreading like a fan. Side view shows tail flowing like a skirt — elegant and graceful. Highly valued in shows.

BroadtailRyukinShow
Butterfly Tail© C Lion hiro / Public domain

Butterfly Tail

Intermediate

Tail fins spread like butterfly wings when viewed from above. Bred in China, most impressive in top-down viewing.

Top-viewingButterfly tailChinese variety
Butterfly Telescope

Butterfly Telescope

Intermediate

A telescope eye goldfish with butterfly-wing spread tail. Top-view tail shape is main viewing point.

ButterflyTelescopeTop view
Calico Ryukin

Calico Ryukin

Intermediate

A ryukin with red-white-black tricolor (calico) pattern. Popular for gorgeous coloring and round body.

CalicoTricolorRyukin
Calico Ryukin Long Tail

Calico Ryukin Long Tail

Intermediate

A ryukin with tricolor calico pattern and long elegant tail fins. Gorgeous representative of ornamental goldfish.

CalicoLong tailRyukin
Calico Telescope

Calico Telescope

Intermediate

Calico version of telescope goldfish. Red-white-black pattern with protruding eyes is distinctive. Each fish has unique markings.

CalicoTelescopeTricolor
Chakin

Chakin

Intermediate

A goldfish with rare brown (chocolate) body color. Round body with adorable gentle swimming.

ChakinChocolateRare
Edonishiki

Edonishiki

Intermediate

Ranchu body with calico pattern. Bred in Tokyo (Edo). Beautiful tricolor pattern best viewed from above.

EdoTricolorRanchu type
Egg Fish Goldfish

Egg Fish Goldfish

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Ancient Chinese egg-shaped goldfish. No dorsal fin with round body similar to Ranchu, but without wen development. Prototype of Chinese goldfish varieties.

Egg fishChinese varietyNo dorsal fin
Hagoromo

Hagoromo

Intermediate

A goldfish with long tail fins flowing like celestial maiden's robe. Long-tail type of Oranda.

HagoromoLong tailElegant
Hamanishiki

Hamanishiki

Intermediate

A goldfish combining pearl scales with head growth. Popular breed with pearl shimmer and luxurious wen.

HamanishikiPearl scalesWen
Hanafusa (Pompom Goldfish)

Hanafusa (Pompom Goldfish)

Intermediate

Distinctive goldfish with pompom-like narial bouquets on nose. Chinese name Rongqiu. Charming and endearing face.

PompomNarial bouquetsDistinctive
Kirin Goldfish

Kirin Goldfish

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Rare goldfish with mosaic-like scale mutation. Mix of normal and transparent scales creates unique sparkling appearance. Chinese variety, rare in Japan.

KirinMosaic scalesChinese variety
Lionhead Goldfish

Lionhead Goldfish

Intermediate

Chinese goldfish considered the ancestor of ranchu. Large wen covering entire head resembles a lions mane. No dorsal fin.

WenNo dorsal finChinese
Oranda

Oranda

Intermediate

Named for the lion-mane-like head growth (wen). Ryukin body shape with rich colors. Often called the king of goldfish.

Wen growthKing of goldfishColorful

Panda Telescope

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Telescope goldfish in panda-like black and white. Chic monochrome beauty is popular. Many lose black coloring with age.

Panda patternTelescopeMonochrome
Pearlscale

Pearlscale

Intermediate

Distinctive raised pearl-like scales and ping-pong ball round body. Extremely popular for its cute appearance.

CutePearl scalesRound body
Pearlscale Goldfish© C Lion hiro / Public domain

Pearlscale Goldfish

Intermediate

A goldfish with distinctive pearl-like raised scales. Attractive for round body and unique scales.

PearlscaleRound bodyPearl scales

Goldfish FAQ

How much do goldfish cost?
Common varieties like wakin and ryukin cost 300-2,000 yen, ranchu 3,000-30,000 yen, and show-quality specimens can reach tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yen.
Can beginners keep goldfish?
Hardy varieties like wakin, ryukin, and telescope goldfish are recommended for beginners. A tank and filter are all you need, and no heater is required.
How long do goldfish live?
With proper care, goldfish live 10-15 years, and some individuals can live 20+ years. Water quality management and proper feeding are key to longevity.
What should I check when buying goldfish?
Look for symmetrical body shape, stable swimming, well-formed fins, and no injuries or white spots. Breed-specific aesthetic standards are also helpful references.
What should I be careful about when keeping goldfish?
Overfeeding causing poor water quality is the most common issue. Feed 1-2 times daily in amounts eaten within 2 minutes, and never skip weekly water changes.