Goldfish Encyclopedia — 77 Species Directory
Encyclopedia of popular goldfish varieties with care guides, traits, and show standards.
Showing 77 of 77 species(1–24)

Albino Ryukin
Carassius auratus var.
Albino mutation of Ryukin. Red eyes with white to pale pink body create a mystical appearance. Same care as standard Ryukin but slightly light-sensitive. Popular as rare variety.
© C_Lion_hiro / CC BY-SA 3.0Azuma Nishiki
Oranda body type with calico (tricolor) pattern. Beautiful mix of red, white, and black coloring.

Black Lionhead
Carassius auratus var.
All-black Lionhead goldfish. Well-developed black wen creates a majestic, imposing appearance. Specimens that maintain black without fading are rare and valuable. Chinese variety.

Black Ranchu
Carassius auratus var.
A ranchu that shines jet black all over. The combination of a solid black chic body color and typical ranchu body shape has unique appeal. Color can change, so environmental management to maintain black coloration is important.

Black Telescope
The representative black telescope breed. Beloved goldfish familiar from summer festival goldfish scooping.

Blue Oranda
Carassius auratus var.
Oranda variety with metallic blue-gray coloration. Wen development combined with unique blue-gray hue creates striking beauty. Gaining attention in shows.

Blue Telescope / Seibungyo
Carassius auratus var.
A variety originating from China, a type of telescope goldfish with characteristic bluish-black body coloration. Unlike the black telescope, it has a deep, lustrous blue-black sheen. Popular among enthusiasts in Japan for its rare coloration.

Bristol Shubunkin
A shubunkin improved in Bristol, England with large heart-shaped tail fins.

Broadtail Ryukin
Carassius auratus var.
Premium Ryukin variety with broad tail fins spreading like a fan. Side view shows tail flowing like a skirt — elegant and graceful. Highly valued in shows.

Brown Ranchu
Carassius auratus var.
A ranchu with calm brown body coloration. Brown goldfish are rare and appreciated by enthusiasts for their unique beauty. Can be maintained using the same methods as regular ranchu.

Bubble Eye Goldfish
Distinctive goldfish with large fluid-filled sacs under eyes. Chinese-bred variety. Very delicate for experienced keepers.

Butterfly Jikin
Carassius auratus var.
Cross between Jikin and Butterfly Tail. Tail spreads like butterfly wings from above, combined with Jikin's 'six-scale' pattern. Extremely rare.
© C Lion hiro / Public domainButterfly Tail
Tail fins spread like butterfly wings when viewed from above. Bred in China, most impressive in top-down viewing.

Butterfly Telescope
A telescope eye goldfish with butterfly-wing spread tail. Top-view tail shape is main viewing point.

Calico Ranchu
Carassius auratus var.
Ranchu with red, white, and black calico pattern. Some have transparent scales revealing internal red. Unique beauty. Shows evaluate pattern balance.

Calico Ryukin
A ryukin with red-white-black tricolor (calico) pattern. Popular for gorgeous coloring and round body.

Calico Ryukin Long Tail
A ryukin with tricolor calico pattern and long elegant tail fins. Gorgeous representative of ornamental goldfish.

Calico Telescope
Calico version of telescope goldfish. Red-white-black pattern with protruding eyes is distinctive. Each fish has unique markings.
© JasonMarini / Public domainCelestial Eye Goldfish
Rare goldfish with upward-facing eyes. Chinese-bred to resemble gazing at heaven. No dorsal fin, very rare variety.

Celestial Eye Pompom
Carassius auratus var.
Rare variety with upward-facing eyes (Celestial) and nasal bouquets (Pompom). Ancient Chinese fancy goldfish. Unique appearance loved by enthusiasts. Challenging to keep.

Chakin
A goldfish with rare brown (chocolate) body color. Round body with adorable gentle swimming.

Comet Goldfish
American-bred goldfish with long flowing tail. Active and fast swimmer, ideal for outdoor ponds. Hardy and long-lived.

Dragon Eye Pearlscale
Carassius auratus var.
Cross between Telescope Eye and Pearlscale. Combines protruding eyes with round pearlscale body. Popular fancy goldfish in China, increasingly available in Japan.

Edonishiki
Ranchu body with calico pattern. Bred in Tokyo (Edo). Beautiful tricolor pattern best viewed from above.
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Goldfish FAQ
- How much do goldfish cost?
- Common varieties like wakin and ryukin cost 300-2,000 yen, ranchu 3,000-30,000 yen, and show-quality specimens can reach tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yen.
- Can beginners keep goldfish?
- Hardy varieties like wakin, ryukin, and telescope goldfish are recommended for beginners. A tank and filter are all you need, and no heater is required.
- How long do goldfish live?
- With proper care, goldfish live 10-15 years, and some individuals can live 20+ years. Water quality management and proper feeding are key to longevity.
- What should I check when buying goldfish?
- Look for symmetrical body shape, stable swimming, well-formed fins, and no injuries or white spots. Breed-specific aesthetic standards are also helpful references.
- What should I be careful about when keeping goldfish?
- Overfeeding causing poor water quality is the most common issue. Feed 1-2 times daily in amounts eaten within 2 minutes, and never skip weekly water changes.