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Goldfish Encyclopedia — 77 Species Directory

Encyclopedia of popular goldfish varieties with care guides, traits, and show standards.

Showing 77 of 77 species(124)

Albino Ryukin

Albino Ryukin

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Albino mutation of Ryukin. Red eyes with white to pale pink body create a mystical appearance. Same care as standard Ryukin but slightly light-sensitive. Popular as rare variety.

AlbinoRyukinRed eyes

Azuma Nishiki

Intermediate

Oranda body type with calico (tricolor) pattern. Beautiful mix of red, white, and black coloring.

TricolorCalicoOranda type
Black Lionhead

Black Lionhead

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

All-black Lionhead goldfish. Well-developed black wen creates a majestic, imposing appearance. Specimens that maintain black without fading are rare and valuable. Chinese variety.

BlackLionheadMajestic
Black Ranchu

Black Ranchu

Carassius auratus var.

Advanced

A ranchu that shines jet black all over. The combination of a solid black chic body color and typical ranchu body shape has unique appeal. Color can change, so environmental management to maintain black coloration is important.

RanchuBlackJet black
Black Telescope

Black Telescope

Beginner

The representative black telescope breed. Beloved goldfish familiar from summer festival goldfish scooping.

Black TelescopeJet-blackSummer festival
Blue Oranda

Blue Oranda

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Oranda variety with metallic blue-gray coloration. Wen development combined with unique blue-gray hue creates striking beauty. Gaining attention in shows.

BlueOrandaWen
Blue Telescope / Seibungyo

Blue Telescope / Seibungyo

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

A variety originating from China, a type of telescope goldfish with characteristic bluish-black body coloration. Unlike the black telescope, it has a deep, lustrous blue-black sheen. Popular among enthusiasts in Japan for its rare coloration.

TelescopeBlue-blackChinese origin
Bristol Shubunkin

Bristol Shubunkin

Intermediate

A shubunkin improved in Bristol, England with large heart-shaped tail fins.

BristolHeart tailEngland
Broadtail Ryukin

Broadtail Ryukin

Carassius auratus var.

Intermediate

Premium Ryukin variety with broad tail fins spreading like a fan. Side view shows tail flowing like a skirt — elegant and graceful. Highly valued in shows.

BroadtailRyukinShow
Brown Ranchu

Brown Ranchu

Carassius auratus var.

Advanced

A ranchu with calm brown body coloration. Brown goldfish are rare and appreciated by enthusiasts for their unique beauty. Can be maintained using the same methods as regular ranchu.

RanchuBrownRare
Bubble Eye Goldfish

Bubble Eye Goldfish

Advanced

Distinctive goldfish with large fluid-filled sacs under eyes. Chinese-bred variety. Very delicate for experienced keepers.

Bubble sacsDelicateAdvanced
Butterfly Jikin

Butterfly Jikin

Carassius auratus var.

Advanced

Cross between Jikin and Butterfly Tail. Tail spreads like butterfly wings from above, combined with Jikin's 'six-scale' pattern. Extremely rare.

Butterfly tailJikinExtremely rare
Butterfly Tail© C Lion hiro / Public domain

Butterfly Tail

Intermediate

Tail fins spread like butterfly wings when viewed from above. Bred in China, most impressive in top-down viewing.

Top-viewingButterfly tailChinese variety
Butterfly Telescope

Butterfly Telescope

Intermediate

A telescope eye goldfish with butterfly-wing spread tail. Top-view tail shape is main viewing point.

ButterflyTelescopeTop view
Calico Ranchu

Calico Ranchu

Carassius auratus var.

Advanced

Ranchu with red, white, and black calico pattern. Some have transparent scales revealing internal red. Unique beauty. Shows evaluate pattern balance.

CalicoRanchuThree-color
Calico Ryukin

Calico Ryukin

Intermediate

A ryukin with red-white-black tricolor (calico) pattern. Popular for gorgeous coloring and round body.

CalicoTricolorRyukin
Calico Ryukin Long Tail

Calico Ryukin Long Tail

Intermediate

A ryukin with tricolor calico pattern and long elegant tail fins. Gorgeous representative of ornamental goldfish.

CalicoLong tailRyukin
Calico Telescope

Calico Telescope

Intermediate

Calico version of telescope goldfish. Red-white-black pattern with protruding eyes is distinctive. Each fish has unique markings.

CalicoTelescopeTricolor
Celestial Eye Goldfish© JasonMarini / Public domain

Celestial Eye Goldfish

Advanced

Rare goldfish with upward-facing eyes. Chinese-bred to resemble gazing at heaven. No dorsal fin, very rare variety.

Heaven-gazingRareAdvanced
Celestial Eye Pompom

Celestial Eye Pompom

Carassius auratus var.

Advanced

Rare variety with upward-facing eyes (Celestial) and nasal bouquets (Pompom). Ancient Chinese fancy goldfish. Unique appearance loved by enthusiasts. Challenging to keep.

Celestial eyePompomRare variety
Chakin

Chakin

Intermediate

A goldfish with rare brown (chocolate) body color. Round body with adorable gentle swimming.

ChakinChocolateRare
Comet Goldfish

Comet Goldfish

Beginner

American-bred goldfish with long flowing tail. Active and fast swimmer, ideal for outdoor ponds. Hardy and long-lived.

Long tailActiveOutdoor suited
Dragon Eye Pearlscale

Dragon Eye Pearlscale

Carassius auratus var.

Advanced

Cross between Telescope Eye and Pearlscale. Combines protruding eyes with round pearlscale body. Popular fancy goldfish in China, increasingly available in Japan.

TelescopePearlscaleChinese variety
Edonishiki

Edonishiki

Intermediate

Ranchu body with calico pattern. Bred in Tokyo (Edo). Beautiful tricolor pattern best viewed from above.

EdoTricolorRanchu type

Goldfish FAQ

How much do goldfish cost?
Common varieties like wakin and ryukin cost 300-2,000 yen, ranchu 3,000-30,000 yen, and show-quality specimens can reach tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yen.
Can beginners keep goldfish?
Hardy varieties like wakin, ryukin, and telescope goldfish are recommended for beginners. A tank and filter are all you need, and no heater is required.
How long do goldfish live?
With proper care, goldfish live 10-15 years, and some individuals can live 20+ years. Water quality management and proper feeding are key to longevity.
What should I check when buying goldfish?
Look for symmetrical body shape, stable swimming, well-formed fins, and no injuries or white spots. Breed-specific aesthetic standards are also helpful references.
What should I be careful about when keeping goldfish?
Overfeeding causing poor water quality is the most common issue. Feed 1-2 times daily in amounts eaten within 2 minutes, and never skip weekly water changes.