
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Appasus japonicus
A water bug in which the female lays her eggs on the male's back and he carries and guards the mass. The Japanese name, meaning child-carrying bug, comes from that sight. Adults get on well with one another and rarely turn cannibal even at high density.
Appasus japonicus is a water bug of 17-20 mm that lives in sunlit shallow water a few to a few tens of centimetres deep and thick with plants: lowland paddies, shallow ditches, slow irrigation channels and farm ponds. Its raptorial front legs do not spread sideways to clasp prey as the giant water bug's do but strike downward like a mantis, and each ends in two claws. Paternal care of the eggs is unusual among insects, and unlike the giant water bug, which guards eggs laid on a support, the female here places a mass of 30-40 eggs on the male's back and he carries them about. That is what the Japanese name, child-carrying bug, refers to. A male carrying eggs cannot fly. The larvae hatch after a few weeks and mature through five moults, but once they hatch the male gives no further care and will treat even his own offspring as prey. The bug lives about two years.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Japanese Water Bug grows to 17-20mm.
Origin
Japan (Hokkaido to Kyushu), China and Korea
Lifespan
About two years
Size
17-20mm
Temperature
20〜28℃
Humidity
60〜80%
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Appasus japonicus Vuillefroy, 1864
Synonyms: Diplonychus japonicus
Authority databases: GBIF
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
Sources: CITES Appendices (species not listed)
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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Small fish, pond snails, aquatic insects and terrestrial insects
Keep the water a few centimetres deep with plants or twigs to climb, and provide a dry area, since the bug likes to dry itself off. From about October it overwinters on land and in the water.
The laying season runs from April to August. The male courts by pumping to make ripples on the surface, and the female lays a mass of 30-40 eggs on his back. A male carrying eggs cannot fly and tends them constantly, yet he goes on feeding as usual and will sometimes attack and eat the eggs another male is carrying.
Adults get on well with one another and can live at densities of several dozen per square metre, so they may be kept in groups. The larvae, however, do eat one another, so switch to individual containers once they hatch.
Activity begins in late March and the new adults eclose from late July into August. The bug lives about two years and overwinters as an adult.
It will seize even carrion or motionless food if it is dropped on the surface and moved, and will drive its rostrum into a piece of fish. It takes poor water quality fairly well. It flies, so keep the container covered. Once common in paddies and ponds, it declined sharply with heavy pesticide use and the loss of paddy land, so keep collecting to a minimum.
Intermediate. This is an intermediate-level species. Some prior experience and knowledge of environmental management are recommended.
Japanese Water Bug typically reaches 17-20mm as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Japanese Water Bug feeds on: Small fish, pond snails, aquatic insects and terrestrial insects. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Japanese Water Bug varies significantly depending on bloodline, size, captive-bred generation, and sex. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 16, 2026