Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV)

About this condition

A severe emergency condition in which the stomach rapidly expands with gas or fluid and may also twist on itself. The condition can deteriorate rapidly, so immediate veterinary attention is essential at the first sign of abnormality.

Common symptoms

Rapidly distending, bloated abdomen
Unproductive retching (attempting to vomit without producing anything)
Excessive drooling
Restlessness followed by sudden lethargy or collapse
Difficulty breathing or pale gums

Common causes

Vigorous exercise immediately after eating
Eating a large meal quickly or in one sitting
Deep-chested, large-breed body type (Great Danes, Saint Bernards, etc.) as a structural risk factor
Abnormal gastrointestinal motility or atypical gastric anatomy
Genetic predisposition in family lines with a history of GDV

Prevention (husbandry & daily care)

Divide meals into two or three portions per day and avoid vigorous exercise for at least one to two hours after eating. Using a slow-feeder bowl can also help prevent rapid eating. For large and deep-chested breeds, discussing the option of prophylactic gastropexy with your veterinarian is worth considering.

Related species guide

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When to see a vet

See a vet as soon as possible

What treatment does a vet provide?

At a veterinary clinic, emergency decompression of gas or fluid from the stomach is performed as a priority, and systemic stabilization is the first goal. Once stabilized, surgical correction of the stomach twist may be performed, and a gastropexy to fix the stomach to the abdominal wall may be done simultaneously to prevent recurrence. Intensive post-operative care including IV fluid management and cardiac monitoring is provided.

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