
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Heteroxenia fuscescens
A xeniid soft coral known for the pulsing of its polyps, whose tentacles open and close continuously. It occurs from the Red Sea across the Indo-West Pacific, with dense tufts of polyps on a short stalk.
Heteroxenia fuscescens is an octocoral soft coral in the family Xeniidae, order Malacalcyonacea, found on shallow reefs across the Indo-West Pacific including the Red Sea. Dense tufts of polyps, each with eight pinnate tentacles, sit on a short stalk, and the polyps are known for pulsing, opening and closing continuously. The purpose of that pulsing was long debated until Kremien and colleagues reported in PNAS in 2013 that it stirs the water around the polyps, clears the build-up of oxygen and markedly raises the photosynthetic efficiency of the zooxanthellae. The species is zooxanthellate and draws most of its nutrition from photosynthesis. It grows fast and, when conditions suit, creeps from the base to spread across the rockwork. It is among the easier soft corals to keep, though an abrupt change in water chemistry or lighting can stop the pulsing, after which the colony may melt away. As a soft coral with no stony skeleton it is not covered by the CITES coral listings.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The ideal temperature for the Heteroxenia is 24〜26℃.
Origin
Shallow reefs of the Indo-West Pacific including the Red Sea
Temperature
24〜26℃
Mainly nutrition from its zooxanthellae, supplemented by dissolved organics and micro-plankton.
Sources: Kremien et al. (2013), Benefit of pulsation in soft corals, PNAS 110:8978-8983 / LiveAquaria (Waving Hand, Thick Stem/ウミアザミ科の飼育値) / WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species)
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Heteroxenia fuscescens (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Authority databases: WoRMS
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
Sources: CITES Appendices (taxon not listed)
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
Find listings for this species
LiveAquaria lists xeniids as high-light corals. Pulsing raises the photosynthetic efficiency of the zooxanthellae, so it becomes more active when light is adequate.
LiveAquaria gives placement as bottom and flow as medium; too much flow stops the pulsing. It creeps as it spreads, so mount it on rock kept apart from other corals.
Water 24-26C, specific gravity 1.023-1.025 (salinity 33-35 ppt), pH 8.1-8.4, KH 8-12. Iodine and trace elements are recommended. Abrupt changes in water chemistry stop the pulsing.
Most of its nutrition comes from photosynthesis, so direct feeding is largely unnecessary; it also absorbs dissolved organics and micro-plankton.
It grows fast and blankets rockwork, so remove excess growth early. If the pulsing stops, suspect a sudden change in light, flow or water chemistry. Having no stony skeleton, it is not covered by the CITES coral listings.
Beginner. This is a beginner-friendly species. No special equipment or experience is required, and it can be kept successfully with basic care setup.
The ideal temperature for Heteroxenia is 24〜26℃. Avoid sudden temperature changes and maintain a stable environment.
Heteroxenia feeds on: Mainly nutrition from its zooxanthellae, supplemented by dissolved organics and micro-plankton.. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Heteroxenia varies significantly depending on variety, size, and individual quality. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 16, 2026