
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Numida meleagris
A galliform bird with white spots scattered over a dark body and a bony casque on its bare head. Domesticated from African stock, it is kept worldwide for meat, tick control and as a watchful alarm bird. An alarmed bird runs rather than flies.
The helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris) is widespread in Africa south of the Sahara and is the only member of the genus Numida. Linnaeus described it as Phasianus meleagris in 1758 and moved it to his new genus Numida in 1764. The dark plumage is densely speckled with white; the head is unfeathered, carrying a dull yellow to reddish bony casque, bare red, blue or black skin and throat wattles, all larger in the male. Nine subspecies are recognised. The wings and tail are short, an alarmed bird runs rather than flies, and wild birds are recorded living up to twelve years. Outside the breeding season it forms flocks of about 25 birds that roost together in trees. Because it eats large numbers of ticks, it is often kept around farms and gardens for pest control. Its Japanese name is thought to derive from the name used when Dutch ships brought the bird to Japan in the Edo period.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The Helmeted Guineafowl lives Up to 12 years in the wild.
The Helmeted Guineafowl grows to 53-58cm (about 1.3kg).
It is 53-58 cm long and weighs about 1.3 kg.
Origin
Africa, mainly south of the Sahara; introduced as a domestic bird to the West Indies, North and South America, Australia and Europe
Lifespan
Up to 12 years in the wild
Size
Sources: Wikipedia - Helmeted guineafowl / Wikipedia - Helmeted guineafowl, Japanese edition (morphology, ecology)
Edited & verified by: BreederDirect editorial team
The taxonomic, regulatory, and husbandry data on this page are compiled and verified against the authoritative primary sources below.
Accepted name: Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms: Phasianus meleagris
Authority databases: GBIF
Nomenclature follows global taxonomic authority databases.
Numida meleagris. The family Numididae is not listed in the CITES Appendices, and the species does not appear in the Japanese schedule of designated dangerous animals.
Sources: CITES Appendices (species not listed) / IUCN Red List / Cabinet Order under the Act on Welfare and Management of Animals, appended table (designated dangerous animals)
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
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53-58cm (about 1.3kg)
Temperature
15〜30℃
Humidity
40〜60%
Poultry feed, grain and greens; in the wild insects, arthropods, seeds and fruit
A strongly terrestrial bird that needs a house with a wide run. It roosts high at night, so provide covered perches, and because it can make short flights, open housing needs measures against escape.
Strongly social, forming flocks of about 25 outside the breeding season. Males fight hard among themselves, so avoid keeping several males together without ample space. Its wariness makes it a useful alarm bird.
It answers intruders and noises with loud, repeated alarm calls. The volume is considerable, so keeping it in a residential area calls for care about neighbours.
In the wild, birds have been recorded living up to twelve years. It is valued for eating ticks on pasture, but it scratches the ground when foraging, so flower beds suffer.
Intermediate. This is an intermediate-level species. Some prior experience and knowledge of environmental management are recommended.
The average lifespan of Helmeted Guineafowl is Up to 12 years in the wild. With proper care and nutrition, they can live a long and healthy life.
Helmeted Guineafowl typically reaches 53-58cm (about 1.3kg) as an adult. Size may vary depending on care conditions and individual genetics.
Helmeted Guineafowl feeds on: Poultry feed, grain and greens; in the wild insects, arthropods, seeds and fruit. Aim for a balanced diet with appropriate feeding frequency.
The price of Helmeted Guineafowl varies significantly depending on variety, age, sex, and the individual animal's condition. Check our market price page for the latest pricing information.
Last updated: September 16, 2026