Largest beetle in Southeast Asia. Three long horns and aggressive nature. More accessible than Hercules and popular.
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The Caucasus Beetle is one of the world's largest beetles, found in the tropical rainforests of Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and surrounding regions of Southeast Asia. Its most distinctive feature is the set of three long horns — located on the head, thorax, and back — which inspired its name through a resemblance to the peaks of the Caucasus Mountains. Adults can reach up to 130mm in length, commanding immediate attention with their powerful, prehistoric appearance. This species is notably aggressive among horned beetles, capable of delivering a strong pinch and prone to intense fighting with other males, making solitary housing essential. Care requirements include a temperature range of 20 to 28°C, beetle jelly for adults, and well-fermented substrate for larvae. The larval stage lasts approximately one year, during which consistent nutrition and temperature control directly shape adult size. Compared to the Hercules Beetle, the Caucasus Beetle is more widely available and more affordable, making it an excellent entry point into large beetle keeping. Its sheer presence and the satisfaction of raising it through its full life cycle continue to attract enthusiasts and collectors worldwide.
1The Role of Three Horns
The three horns of the Caucasus beetle are used in battles between males. Their grip strength is considerable, so be careful not to let your fingers get caught between the horns when handling. Cohabitation with females or other creatures can result in injury, so individual housing is generally recommended.
2Enclosure Size Matters
Since adults can reach up to 130mm, a well-sealed enclosure (such as a fly-proof container) at least 60cm wide is ideal. Place climbing wood and bark inside to allow the beetle to right itself if it tips over. A beetle left upside down for extended periods can exhaust itself and die.
3Temperature and Humidity
Native to Southeast Asia, this beetle thrives at 25–28°C. Japanese summers are generally suitable, but winter heating with a terrarium heater or greenhouse setup is necessary. Maintain humidity around 60–70% and mist the substrate regularly to prevent it from drying out.
4Larval Substrate Selection
The larval stage lasts about one year, and substrate quality directly affects adult size. Use high-quality twice-fermented beetle mat and replace it every 3–4 months. Fungal blocks (菌糸ビン) are not well-suited for this species; fermented mat rearing is the recommended approach.
5Adult Feeding and Nutrition
Feed adults insect jelly, preferably high-protein and high-calorie varieties. Fruits like banana or watermelon are accepted but spoil quickly and attract fruit flies, so jelly is the more hygienic choice. Replace food daily and promptly remove any uneaten portions.
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Care difficulty, lifespan, size and diet — all basics covered.
6Health Check at Purchase
At purchase, check that all six legs are intact, horns are undamaged, and the body shows no wounds or discoloration. Individuals that move sluggishly or have a sunken abdomen may be in poor condition. Confirm the emergence date with the breeder and choose a beetle that emerged within the past 1–2 months for the longest possible enjoyment.
7Expected Costs
Adult pairs typically sell for several thousand to tens of thousands of yen, varying widely by origin, size, and lineage. Initial setup costs for enclosure, substrate, jelly, and temperature control equipment generally run 10,000–30,000 yen. If you plan to breed larvae yourself, ongoing substrate costs add up, so factor long-term expenses into your planning.
