Among the worlds largest spiders. Despite hairy appearance, many species are docile. Mexican Red Knee popular for beginners.
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Tarantulas belong to the family Theraphosidae and are found across tropical and subtropical regions of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Their name traces back to the Italian city of Taranto, where medieval Europeans believed a bite would cause uncontrollable dancing. Today, however, their thick, hairy bodies and commanding presence are celebrated by collectors worldwide. Many species reach leg spans of 10–25 cm, making adult individuals truly impressive to observe. Temperament varies by species, but beginner-friendly choices like the Mexican Red Knee and Chilean Rose are calm and easy to handle. One of the greatest appeals of tarantula keeping is its practicality: low ongoing costs, minimal space requirements, and virtually no odor make them ideal even for apartment living. Watching them gradually grow larger with each molt over months and years offers a uniquely rewarding long-term experience.
1Choosing the Right Enclosure
A floor space roughly 2–3 times the spider's body width is a useful guideline. Ground-dwelling (terrestrial) species do best in wider, horizontal enclosures, while tree-dwelling (arboreal) species prefer taller, vertical setups. Always use a secure, escape-proof lid.
2Substrate and Burrowing Behavior
Many terrestrial species are avid burrowers; providing 10–15 cm of coconut fiber or peat moss helps reduce stress. Arboreal species benefit from cork bark or driftwood to climb on. Keep one side of the substrate lightly misted to prevent molting problems caused by excessive dryness.
3Feeding Frequency and Prey Choice
Adult tarantulas are typically fed every 2–4 weeks using crickets or dubia roaches. Choose prey no wider than the spider's abdomen to avoid injury. Remove uneaten live prey within 24 hours, as it can stress or even injure the tarantula, especially during molting.
4Molting: Signs and Precautions
Before molting, tarantulas often stop eating and the abdomen may darken. During and immediately after a molt, the exoskeleton is extremely soft and vulnerable — avoid handling or feeding during this period. Allow 1–2 weeks after molting for the new exoskeleton to fully harden.
5Venom and Defensive Behaviors
All tarantulas are venomous, but many species have venom comparable in potency to a bee sting for most people. Individual allergic reactions are still possible. Old World species (from Asia and Africa) tend to be more defensive than New World species, so beginners are generally advised to start with New World varieties.
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Care difficulty, lifespan, size and diet — all basics covered.
6Handling: When and How Often
Even docile species can find handling stressful, so keeping it infrequent and brief is advisable. Always handle close to the ground to minimize injury from falls. If the tarantula rubs its abdomen — a sign of releasing urticating hairs — avoid contact with your skin and eyes, as these hairs can cause irritation.
7Initial and Ongoing Costs
Initial setup costs for an enclosure, substrate, water dish, and thermometer typically range from roughly 5,000 to 15,000 yen. The price of individual spiders varies widely by species, from a few thousand to tens of thousands of yen, with rare species sometimes exceeding that. Monthly feeding costs are modest, but always verify CITES regulations when purchasing imported specimens.