Swordtail

The green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii) is a livebearer native to rivers and lakes of southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. The male's dramatically elongated lower caudal fin — the 'sword' — is the defining feature of the species, historically making it one of the most recognized aquarium fish worldwide. Wild-type males display a green-yellow body with a black horizontal stripe, while selective breeding has produced a vast array of color varieties: red, black, pineapple, and hybrid forms. Males reach 8–12 cm including the sword; females are slightly larger and more robust. Hardiness and adaptability make swordtails excellent beginner fish — they tolerate a wide range of water conditions (pH 7.0–8.0, 22–28°C) and accept most foods. As prolific livebearers, they breed readily in any stable aquarium; in community tanks, adults consume much of their own fry, providing natural population control. Multiple males can become territorial; adequate space reduces conflict. A scientifically notable characteristic of this species is spontaneous female-to-male sex reversal. Swordtails have established feral populations in several countries including Japan.

Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

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