A clear guide to the key terms used in orchid care and buying
A general term for orchids that grow by attaching their roots to tree trunks and branches. Phalaenopsis and Cattleya are representative examples. Their roots absorb moisture from the air, so a well-aerated potting medium is required.
A general term for orchids that root in the ground soil. Cymbidium and Paphiopedilum are typical examples. They are grown in a more moisture-retentive medium compared to epiphytic orchids.
A swollen stem organ in orchids that stores water and nutrients. Found in Cattleya and Dendrobium, a plump pseudobulb is a sign of good plant health.
A bud that has differentiated to produce flowers. In Phalaenopsis, it appears as a thin spike emerging from the leaf axil. Proper day-night temperature differences promote flower spike initiation.
A plantlet (keiki) that develops from a node on a flower spike or stem. Common in Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium, it can be separated and grown independently once its roots are sufficiently developed.
A natural material widely used for potting orchids. It provides a good balance of moisture retention and aeration, making it suitable for Phalaenopsis and Vanda. It degrades every 1–2 years, requiring repotting.
Crushed pine or fir bark used as an orchid potting medium. It excels in aeration and drainage and is commonly used for Cattleya and Oncidium. It dries faster than sphagnum moss.
A porous pot fired without glaze. Moisture evaporates through the pot walls, providing excellent aeration and making it ideal for orchids prone to root rot. A staple in orchid cultivation.
A method of multiplying orchids by splitting a large plant into several divisions. Commonly done with Cymbidium and Cattleya, each division should ideally have at least three pseudobulbs.
An orchid propagation technique using meristem (shoot-tip) culture, or a plant produced by this method. It allows mass production of genetically identical clones, ensuring uniform quality.
A wild orchid species that has not undergone artificial hybridization. Species orchids possess a natural, understated beauty and are important as parents for hybrids. They are enduringly popular among collectors.
An orchid created by artificially crossing different species or cultivars. Hybrids are bred for improved flower size, color, pattern, and ease of care, making many of them beginner-friendly.