How to Build a Medaka Biotope: Step-by-Step for Beginners

A biotope is a small pond that recreates a near-natural ecosystem. By combining medaka with aquatic plants, snails, and small shrimp, you can create a balanced, low-maintenance environment.

The Appeal of Biotopes

• Low maintenance: Natural purification cycles reduce water change frequency
• Enjoyable observation: Watch medaka breeding, growth, and behavior up close
• Seasonal changes: Enjoy plant growth, spawning, and other seasonal shifts
• Low cost: No filter or electricity needed

What You'll Need

• Container: Ceramic water bowl, plastic tub, or styrofoam box (60L+ recommended)
• Substrate: Akadama soil (small grain) is most recommended. Affordable and stabilizes water quality
• Plants: Combine water hyacinth, Anacharis, Hornwort, etc.
• Medaka: About 10-20 fish (basic rule: 1 fish per liter)
• Other inhabitants: Japanese trapdoor snails (algae cleanup), Cherry shrimp (leftover food cleanup)

Step-by-Step Setup

Step 1: Container Preparation - Place container in a sunny location (morning sun exposure is ideal) - Spread akadama soil 3-5cm deep

Step 2: Add Water - Gently pour in dechlorinated water - Or fill with tap water and leave for 1 week to naturally dechlorinate

Step 3: Introduce Plants - Plant or float Anacharis and Hornwort in the substrate - Float water hyacinth on the surface - Allow about 1 week for plants to settle before the next step

Step 4: Add Snails First - Japanese trapdoor snails serve as "pilot organisms" to confirm water stability - If no problems after 1-2 weeks, proceed to add medaka

Step 5: Introduce Medaka - Float the sealed bag on the surface for 30 minutes to match temperature - Gradually add biotope water to the bag over 30 minutes to 1 hour - Gently release only the medaka into the container

Maintenance Tips

• Feeding: Natural microorganisms may suffice. If feeding, small amount once daily
• Water changes: Topping up evaporated water may be sufficient
• Plant management: Trim and thin overgrown plants
• Overwintering: Maintain 30cm+ depth for outdoor winter survival

Benefits of Buying from Breeders

On Bri-Choku, you can purchase biotope-suitable varieties from medaka specialist breeders.

• Breed variety: Beautiful varieties to brighten your biotope
• Hardy specimens: Medaka accustomed to outdoor conditions
• Bundle consultation: Some breeders can advise on medaka, plants, and snails together